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伊利诺伊州(Illinois)位于美国中西部,北接威斯康星州,东北濒密歇根湖,东界印第安纳州,东南邻肯塔基州,西隔密西西比河与密苏里州艾奥瓦州相望。面积14.6万平方公里,首府斯普林菲尔德(Springfield)。

该州别名“内陆帝国” (The Inland Empire)或“草原之州” (The Prairie State)。州花是紫罗兰(Native Violet)。州鸟是北美红雀(Cardinal)。州树是白橡(White Oak)。

历史沿革

以印第安人伊利诺伊部落之名命名。1673年,法国探险家路易·若利埃和雅克·马凯特首先探测了密西西比河和伊利诺伊河。1763年,英国取得密西西比河以东地区的统治权。1784年划归美国。1809年2月3日,伊利诺伊领地成立。1818年,伊利诺成为美国第21州。因1834年林肯当选为州议员开始其政治生涯,该州也被称为“林肯之地”。

行政区划

首府是位于伊州中部的春田市,是伊州的政治中心。芝加哥是伊州最大城市,为仅次于纽约和洛杉矶的美国第三大城市。芝加哥及周围6县构成大芝加哥地区。

重要城市:芝加哥、埃文斯顿、埃尔金、奥克朗、乔利矣特、奥罗拉、沃其根、罗克福德迪卡尔布罗克艾兰、盖尔斯堡、皮奥里亚、诺黙尔、厄巴纳-香槟、丹维尓、特雷霍持,印第安纳州、斯普林菲尔德州府、布卢明顿、迪凯持、奥尔顿、东圣路易斯、森特勒利亚、卡本代尔、帕度卡,肯塔基州。

CountyFIPS codeCounty seatEstablishedOriginEtymologyPopulationAreaMap
Adams County001Quincy1825Pike CountyJohn Quincy Adams(1767–1848), sixthPresident of the United States67,103857sqmi  (2,220km)
Alexander County003Cairo1819Union CountyWilliam M. Alexander, a settler and state representative in theIllinois General Assembly8,238236sqmi  (611km)
Bond County005Greenville1817Crawford County, Edwards County, and Madison CountyShadrach Bond(1773–1832), FirstGovernor of Illinois17,768380sqmi  (984km)
Boone County007Belvidere1837Winnebago CountyDaniel Boone(1734-1820), trailblazer of theWilderness Roadin Kentucky54,165281sqmi  (728km)
Brown County009Mount Sterling1839Schuyler CountyJacob Brown(1775–1828), a successfulAmerican Revolutionarmy officer responsible for Great Lakes defenses6,937306sqmi  (793km)
Bureau County011Princeton1837Putnam CountyPierre de Bureo, Frenchman,North American fur trader34,978869sqmi  (2,251km)
Calhoun County013Hardin1825Pike CountyJohn C. Calhoun(1782–1850),South Carolinasenator and seventhVice President of the United States5,089254sqmi  (658km)
Carroll County015Mount Carroll1839Jo DaviessCharles Carroll of Carrollton(1737–1832), signed theDeclaration of Independenceon behalf ofMaryland15,387444sqmi  (1,150km)
Cass County017Virginia1837Morgan CountyLewis Cass(1782–1866), second governor ofMichigan Territory, fourteenthUnited States Secretary of War13,642376sqmi  (974km)
Champaign County019Urbana1833Vermilion CountyChampaign County, Ohio, which took its name from theFrenchfor "open level country"201,081997sqmi  (2,582km)
Christian County021Taylorville1839Sangamon CountyChristian County, Kentucky, which was itself named afterColonel William Christian34,800709sqmi  (1,836km)
Clark County023Marshall1819Crawford CountyGeorge Rogers Clark(1752–1818), highest-ranking officer in theNorthwest Territoryduring theAmerican Revolution16,335502sqmi  (1,300km)
Clay County025Louisville1824Wayne, Lawrence, Fayette, and Crawford CountyHenry Clay(1777–1852), Kentucky legislator who negotiated theMissouri Compromise13,815469sqmi  (1,215km)
Clinton County027Carlyle1824Washington, Bond, and Fayette CountyDeWitt Clinton(1769–1828),Governor of New York, responsible for the construction of theErie Canal37,762474sqmi  (1,228km)
Coles County029Charleston1830Clark and Edgar CountyEdward Coles(1786–1868), secondGovernor of Illinois, responsible for the abolition of slavery in Illinois53,873508sqmi  (1,316km)
Cook County031Chicago1831Putnam CountyDaniel Pope Cook(1794–1827), politician and firstAttorney General of Illinois5,194,675946sqmi  (2,450km)
Crawford County033Robinson1816Edwards CountyWilliam H. Crawford(1772–1834), ninthUnited States Secretary of War, seventhSecretary of the Treasury19,817444sqmi  (1,150km)
Cumberland County035Toledo1843Coles CountyDisputed:Cumberland Road, which entered the county;Cumberland, Maryland; orCumberland Riverin Kentucky11,048346sqmi  (896km)
DeKalb County037Sycamore1837Kane CountyJohann de Kalb(1721–80), German soldier in theContinental Armywho fought alongsideGilbert du Motier, marquis de Lafayette105,160634sqmi  (1,642km)
DeWitt County039Clinton1839Macon and McLean CountyDeWitt Clinton(1769–1828),Governor of New York, responsible for the construction of theErie Canal16,561398sqmi  (1,031km)
Douglas County041Tuscola1859Coles CountyStephen A. Douglas(1813–61), prominent Illinois Democrat whoengaged in debateswithAbraham Lincoln19,980417sqmi  (1,080km)
DuPage County043Wheaton1839Cook CountyDuPage River916,924334sqmi  (865km)
Edgar County045Paris1823Clark CountyJohn Edgar(c. 1750–1832), Illinois delegate to theNorthwest Territorylegislature; at time, wealthiest man in Illinois18,576624sqmi  (1,616km)
Edwards County047Albion1814Gallatin County and Madison CountyNinian Edwards(1775–1833), thirdGovernor of the State of Illinoisand only governor of theIllinois Territory6,721222sqmi  (575km)
Effingham County049Effingham1831Fayette and Crawford CountyLord Thomas Effingham, military officer who resigned from theBritish Armyto avoid fighting the American colonies34,242479sqmi  (1,241km)
Fayette County051Vandalia1821Bond, Wayne, Clark, Jefferson, and Crawford CountyMarquis de la Fayette(1757–1834), French military officer who was a key factor in theAmericanandFrench Revolutions.22,140716sqmi  (1,854km)
Ford County053Paxton1859Vermilion CountyThomas Ford(1800–50), eighthGovernor of Illinois; served during theIllinois Mormon War14,081486sqmi  (1,259km)
Franklin County055Benton1818White County and Gallatin CountyBenjamin Franklin(1706–90), prolific writer, inventor, and politician; key factor in theAmerican Revolution39,561412sqmi  (1,067km)
Fulton County057Lewistown1823Pike CountyRobert Fulton(1765–1815), inventor of thesteamboat37,069866sqmi  (2,243km)
Gallatin County059Shawneetown1812Randolph CountyAlbert Gallatin(1761–1849), fourth and longest-servingUnited States Secretary of the Treasury5,589324sqmi  (839km)
Greene County061Carrollton1821Madison CountyNathanael Greene(1742–86), major general in theContinental Army13,886543sqmi  (1,406km)
Grundy County063Morris1841LaSalle CountyFelix Grundy(1777–1840),Tennesseansenator that served as the thirteenthUnited States Attorney General50,063420sqmi  (1,088km)
Hamilton County065McLeansboro1821White CountyAlexander Hamilton(1755–1804), firstUnited States Secretary of the Treasury8,457435sqmi  (1,127km)
Hancock County067Carthage1825Adams CountyJohn Hancock(1737–93), first governor of theMassachusetts colonyand president of theSecond Continental Congress19,104795sqmi  (2,059km)
Hardin County069Elizabethtown1839Pope CountyHardin County, Kentucky, which was itself named afterJohn Hardin4,320178sqmi  (461km)
Henderson County071Oquawka1841Warren CountyHenderson County, Kentucky, which was itself named afterRichard Henderson7,331379sqmi  (982km)
Henry County073Cambridge1825Fulton CountyPatrick Henry(1736-99),American Revolutionary Warfigure and first and sixthGovernor of Virginia50,486823sqmi  (2,132km)
Iroquois County075Watseka1833Vermilion CountyIroquoisNative Americans29,7181,116sqmi  (2,890km)
Jackson County077Murphysboro1816Randolph County and Johnson CountyAndrew Jackson(1767-1845), seventhPresident of the United States, United States Senator fromTennessee, and general in theWar of 181260,218588sqmi  (1,523km)
Jasper County079Newton1831Clay and Crawford CountySgt.William Jasper(c. 1750-79),American Revolutionary Warsoldier popularized byParson Weems9,698494sqmi  (1,279km)
Jefferson County081Mount Vernon1819Edwards and White CountyThomas Jefferson(1743-1826), thirdPresident of the United States, secondVice President of the United States,Governor of Virginia, and one of the foremostFounding Fathers of the United States38,827571sqmi  (1,479km)
Jersey County083Jerseyville1839Greene CountyState ofNew Jersey, from which many early settlers hailed22,985369sqmi  (956km)
Jo Daviess County085Galena1827Henry, Mercer, and Putnam CountyJoseph Hamilton Daveiss(1774-1811), commander of the Indiana Dragoons at theBattle of Tippecanoe22,678601sqmi  (1,557km)
Johnson County087Vienna1812Randolph CountyRichard Mentor Johnson(abt. 1780-1850), ninthVice President of the United Statesand United States Senator formKentucky12,582346sqmi  (896km)
Kane County089Geneva1836LaSalle CountyElias Kane(1794-1835), United States Senator fromIllinois515,269521sqmi  (1,349km)
Kankakee County091Kankakee1853Iroquois and Will CountyKankakee River113,449678sqmi  (1,756km)
Kendall County093Yorkville1841LaSalle and Kane CountyAmos Kendall(1789-1869),United States Postmaster Generalunder PresidentsAndrew JacksonandMartin Van Buren114,736321sqmi  (831km)
Knox County095Galesburg1825Fulton CountyGen.Henry Knox(1750-1806),American Revolutionary Wargeneral and firstUnited States Secretary of War52,919716sqmi  (1,854km)
Lake County097Waukegan1839McHenry CountyLake Michigan703,462448sqmi  (1,160km)
LaSalle County099Ottawa1831Putnam and Tazewell CountySieur de la Salle(1643-87), French explorer of theGreat Lakes.113,9241,135sqmi  (2,940km)
Lawrence County101Lawrenceville1821Crawford and Edwards CountyCapt.James Lawrence(1781-1813), commander of theUSSChesapeakein theWar of 1812. Famous for his command "Don't give up the ship!"16,833372sqmi  (963km)
Lee County103Dixon1839Ogle County"Light Horse"Henry Lee III(1756-1818),American Revolutionary Warofficer and ninthGovernor of Virginia36,031725sqmi  (1,878km)
Livingston County105Pontiac1837LaSalle and McLean CountyEdward Livingston(1764-1836), prominent jurist, Congressman fromNew YorkandLouisiana, andU.S. Secretary of Statefrom 1831-33.38,9501,044sqmi  (2,704km)
Logan County107Lincoln1839Sangamon CountyJohn Logan, a country doctor and early settler, and the father ofJohn A. Logan.30,305618sqmi  (1,601km)
Macon County115Decatur1829Shelby CountyNathaniel Macon(1758-1837), sixthSpeaker of the United States House of RepresentativesandUnited States SenatorfromNorth Carolina.110,768581sqmi  (1,505km)
Macoupin County117Carlinville1829Greene CountyNative American wordMacoupin, meaningAmerican lotus47,765864sqmi  (2,238km)
Madison County119Edwardsville1812St. Clair County and Randolph CountyJames Madison(1751-1836), fourthPresident of the United Statesand principal author of theConstitution of the United States.269,282725sqmi  (1,878km)
Marion County121Salem1823Fayette and Jefferson CountyFrancis Marion(c. 1732-95), general in theAmerican Revolutionary Warknown as "The Swamp Fox"39,437572sqmi  (1,481km)
Marshall County123Lacon1839Putnam CountyJohn Marshall (1755-1835), fourth and longest-servingChief Justice of the United States, wrote opinion inMarbury v. Madisonestablishing the principle ofjudicial review12,640386sqmi  (1,000km)
Mason County125Havana1841Tazewell and Menard CountyNamed afterMason County, Kentucky, itself named afterGeorge Mason14,666539sqmi  (1,396km)
Massac County127Metropolis1843Pope and Johnson CountyFort Massac, a colonial-era fort on theOhio River15,429239sqmi  (619km)
McDonough County109Macomb1826Schuyler CountyCommodoreThomas Macdonough(1783-1825), commander of American naval forces at theBattle of Plattsburgh32,612589sqmi  (1,526km)
McHenry County111Woodstock1836Cook and LaSalle CountyMajorWilliam McHenry(c. 1771-1835), officer in during several campaigns againstNative Americansand member of the Illinois legislature308,760604sqmi  (1,564km)
McLean County113Bloomington1830Tazewell CountyJohn McLean(1791-1830),United States RepresentativeandUnited States Senatorfrom Illinois (the latter from 1824-25 and 1829-30)169,5721,184sqmi  (3,067km)
Menard County129Petersburg1839Sangamon CountyPierre Menard(1766-1844), prominent early settler and firstLieutenant Governor of Illinois12,705314sqmi  (813km)
Mercer County131Aledo1825Schuyler CountyHugh Mercer(1726-77), British officer in theSeven Years' Warand general in theContinental Armyduring theAmerican Revolutionary War16,434561sqmi  (1,453km)
Monroe County133Waterloo1816Randolph County and St. Clair CountyJames Monroe(1758-1831), seventhUnited States Secretary of State, eighthUnited States Secretary of War,Governor of Virginia, and fifthPresident of the United States32,957388sqmi  (1,005km)
Montgomery County135Hillsboro1821Bond and Madison CountyGen.Richard Montgomery(1738-75), brigadier-general in theContinental Armywho led the unsuccessfulinvasion of Canada30,104704sqmi  (1,823km)
Morgan County137Jacksonville1823Sangamon CountyGen.Daniel Morgan(1736-1802), successful tactician in theAmerican Revolutionary Warand laterUnited States RepresentativefromVirginia35,547569sqmi  (1,474km)
Moultrie County139Sullivan1843Shelby and Macon CountyGen.William Moultrie(1730-1805),American Revolutionary Wargeneral andGovernor of South Carolina14,846336sqmi  (870km)
Ogle County141Oregon1836Jo DaviessJoseph Ogle(1737-1821), early settler in southwest Illinois, who helped found the firstMethodistchurch in Illinois53,497759sqmi  (1,966km)
Peoria County143Peoria1825Fulton CountyThePeoriaNative American tribe186,494620sqmi  (1,606km)
Perry County145Pinckneyville1827Randolph and Jackson CountyCommodoreOliver Hazard Perry(1785-1819), American naval officer who led the victorious American forces at theBattle of Lake Erie22,350441sqmi  (1,142km)
Piatt County147Monticello1841DeWitt and Macon CountyJohn Piatt, the patriarch of a prominent settler family in the early history of the county16,729440sqmi  (1,140km)
Pike County149Pittsfield1821Madison, Bond, and Clark CountyZebulon Pike(1779-1813), early explorer of theAmerican Southwest, namesake ofPikes Peak16,430830sqmi  (2,150km)
Pope County151Golconda1816Gallatin and Johnson CountyNathaniel Pope(1784-1850), early Delegate fromIllinois Territoryto Congress and judge on theUnited States District Court for the District of Illinois4,470371sqmi  (961km)
Pulaski County153Mound City1843Alexander and Johnson CountyGen.Casimir Pulaski(1745-79),Polish Americangeneral of cavalry in theAmerican Revolutionary War6,161201sqmi  (521km)
Putnam County155Hennepin1825Fulton CountyGen.Israel Putnam(1718-90), commander of American forces at theBattle of Bunker Hill6,006160sqmi  (414km)
Randolph County157Chester1795St. Clair CountyEdmund Randolph(1753-1813), firstAttorney General of the United States, and brieflyUnited States Secretary of State33,476578sqmi  (1,497km)
Richland County159Olney1841Clay and Lawrence CountyRichland County, Ohio, itself named for its richsoil16,233360sqmi  (932km)
Rock Island County161Rock Island1831Jo Daviess CountyRock Island147,546427sqmi  (1,106km)
Saline County165Harrisburg1847Gallatin CountySalt springs within the county24,913383sqmi  (992km)
Sangamon County167Springfield1821Madison and Bond CountySangamon River197,465868sqmi  (2,248km)
Schuyler County169Rushville1825Pike and Fulton CountyGen.Philip Schuyler(1733-1804),American Revolutionary Wargeneral andUnited States SenatorfromNew York7,544437sqmi  (1,132km)
Scott County171Winchester1839Morgan CountyScott County, Kentucky, itself named afterCharles Scott5,355251sqmi  (650km)
Shelby County173Shelbyville1827Fayette CountyIsaac Shelby(1750-1826), soldier in theAmerican Revolutionary WarandWar of 1812, and first and fifthGovernor of Kentucky22,363759sqmi  (1,966km)
St. Clair County163Belleville1790original two countiesArthur St. Clair(1737-1818), major general in theAmerican Revolutionary Warand first Governor of theNorthwest Territory270,056664sqmi  (1,720km)
Stark County175Toulon1839Knox and Putnam CountyGen.John Stark(1728-1822), general in theAmerican Revolutionary War, called the "Hero ofBennington"5,994288sqmi  (746km)
Stephenson County177Freeport1837Jo Daviess and Winnebago CountyBenjamin Stephenson(1769-1822), representative ofIllinois Territoryin theUnited States Congressfrom 1814 to 181647,711564sqmi  (1,461km)
Tazewell County179Pekin1827Sangamon CountyLittleton Waller Tazewell(1774-1860), United States Senator from (and later governor of)Virginia135,394649sqmi  (1,681km)
Union County181Jonesboro1818Johnson CountyThe federal union of the states17,808416sqmi  (1,077km)
Vermilion County183Danville1826Edgar CountyTheVermilion River81,625899sqmi  (2,328km)
Wabash County185Mount Carmel1824Edwards CountyTheWabash River11,947224sqmi  (580km)
Warren County187Monmouth1825Schuyler CountyJoseph Warren(1741-75), played a role inAmerican Patriotmovements, a prominent early fatality in theAmerican Revolutionary War17,707543sqmi  (1,406km)
Washington County189Nashville1818St. Clair CountyGeorge Washington(1732-99), commander-in-chief of American forces in theAmerican Revolutionary Warand firstPresident of the United States14,716563sqmi  (1,458km)
Wayne County191Fairfield1819Edwards CountyGen. "Mad"Anthony Wayne(1745-96),major generalin the United States Army in theAmerican Revolutionary Warand theNorthwest Indian War16,760714sqmi  (1,849km)
White County193Carmi1815Gallatin CountyIsaac White(1776-1811), resident of Illinois who enlisted in the Indiana militia and was killed at theBattle of Tippecanoe14,665495sqmi  (1,282km)
Whiteside County195Morrison1836Jo Daviess and Henry CountySamuel Whiteside(1783-1868), state legislator and militia leader58,498685sqmi  (1,774km)
Will County197Joliet1836Cook and Iroquois CountyConrad Will(1779-1835),physician, local businessman and longtime member of the state legislature677,560837sqmi  (2,168km)
Williamson County199Marion1839Franklin CountyHugh Williamson(1735-1819), delegate fromNorth Carolinato thePhiladelphia Convention66,357424sqmi  (1,098km)
Winnebago County201Rockford1836Jo DaviessWinnebagoNative Americans295,266514sqmi  (1,331km)
Woodford County203Eureka1841Tazewell and McLean CountyGen.William Woodford(1734-80), brigadier general in theAmerican Revolutionary Warwho died while a British prisoner38,664528sqmi  (1,368km)

地理环境

地貌

伊利诺伊州地势平坦,平均海拔182米,自北向南倾斜。西北部较高,有起伏平缓的丘陵。全境最高点海拔378米,为西北角有查尔斯丘。北部和中部的黑土非常肥沃,为世界上最佳耕地之一。地表有厚层冰川沉积,叫做冰碛层。第四纪内,北美洲北部及中部出现大陆冰川。冰川向南推进时,把全州大部分地面蚀平,好似平锅的锅底。冰川融化后消失,把冰内夹带的泥砂石块堆积在地面上,成为冰碛物,似一张圆饼摊在锅底的平面上。冰川避开了州西北角及州境南端两个丘陵区,这一带未遭受大陆冰川的破坏。南部马里恩附近小丘区是大陆冰川南进的限界。南端河岸港开罗以南未受冰川的刨蚀。除上述西北角及南端大丘陵区外,都遭受大陆冰川覆盖数千年到数万年之久。

气候

伊利诺伊州属温带气候,冬季寒冷多雪,夏炎热。冬季平均气温,北部为-6℃,南部为3℃;夏季平均气温分别为21和25℃。年平均降水,北部为800~1200毫米,南部为1200~1600毫米。南部生长期为210天,最北部仅有160天。

自然资源

伊利诺伊州主要矿产有煤、石油、铅、锌、石灰石和玻璃砂。煤产量居全国第四位,石油居第八位。煤炭主要分布于州的中部和南部,石油分布于南部。其他矿产资源有铅、锌、石灰石和玻璃砂等。

人口民族

伊利诺伊州人口约1291万,位居全美第5,白人、黑人、拉美裔及亚太裔分别占总人口的71.4%、14.6%、14.9%和4.3%,约有华侨华人10余万人。

经济概况

农业经济

该州是全国主要的农业州之一。全州80%的土地为农业用地。每个农户平均耕种140公顷(约2100亩)农田。大豆产量居全国首位;玉米产量有时占第一位,有时居第二位;猪肉和牛肉产量亦均名列前茅。

工业经济

伊利诺伊工业主要集中在芝加哥。由于靠近铁矿产地,交通方便,钢铁工业发展迅速,芝加哥已取代钢都匹兹堡成为全国最大的钢铁工业中心。农业机械、建筑机械和金属制品产量居各州之冠;电机产量名列第三;汽车工业也很重要,有55万职工从事机动车辆的制造和装配。食品工业仅次于加利福尼亚州。印刷业和出版业仅次于纽约州,居全国第二位。

服务业

伊州是美国传统制造业中心,也是美国交通运输及物流配送中心。建筑机械、农业器具、通讯设备、生物技术及金融、保险、咨询和批发零售等服务业发达。全州有2300多家商业银行,1000家储蓄银行,2000多家保险机构,并有11200多个金融从业公司。芝加哥商业交易所(集团)是世界最大的期货交易所。

政府财政

二十一世纪初以来,评级机构一直在下调伊利诺伊州的信用评级,伊利诺伊州欠下了巨额养老金债务,此外还积欠了150亿美元的未付账单,且在州议员2015年听凭一项上调所得税的临时政策到期终止后,该州的财政收入出现下降。2017年6月,评级机构将该州的评级降至只比“垃圾”级高一级的水平。

社会事业

教育事业

该州大专院校188所,数量居全美第5位,在校生75万人,每百人中就有6.4个大学生。著名的高等学府有芝加哥大学(1891年)、西北大学(1851年)、伊利诺伊大学

主要大学:西北大学、芝加哥大学、伊利诺大学厄巴纳-香槟分校、伊利诺伊州立大学、伊利诺大学芝加哥分校、南伊利诺伊大学、伊利诺理工学院、罗耀拉大学、帝波大学、芝加哥艺术学院。

截止到当地时间4月18日,伊利诺伊州等共24个州及华盛顿特区宣布,将全州内包括公立、私立和高等教育机构在内的学校关闭时间延长至2019—2020整个学年结束,同时各州学校将尽可能的为学生进行线上授课。

新闻事业

该州共有报纸700多份,其中日报50份,主要有《芝加哥论坛报》和《芝加哥太阳时报》。有50余家电视台,近400家电台。

友好城市

伊州与辽宁省(1982年)和台湾省(1992年)互为友好省州,芝加哥与沈阳(1985年)和上海(1985年)互为友城。此外,乔利埃特(Joliet)、洛克福特(Rockford)、柏林布鲁克(Bolingbrook)、佩里亚(Peoria)、盖利斯伯格(Galesburg)分别与辽宁省辽阳市、江苏省常州市、河南省许昌市、辽宁省本溪市和安徽省马鞍山市互为友城。

交通运输

伊利诺伊州被认为是美国的交通中心。芝加哥是世界最大的铁路枢纽,有30条铁路干线及其支线汇集于此。全州有铁路37000公里,居全国第二位。1848年开凿伊利诺伊—密歇根运河以后,沟通了东北部的圣劳伦斯水道和西部的密西西比水道,使本州与其他各州之间的水运更加便利。州内有几十个机场,最大的是芝加哥的奥黑尔菲尔德国际机场和米德韦机场

重要机场:芝加哥欧海尔国际机场、芝加哥中途国际机场

重要高速公路:55号州际公路、57号州际公路、70号州际公路、72号州际公路、74号州际公路、80号州际公路、88号州际公路(西段)、90号州际公路、94号州际公路、290号州际公路、294号州际公路、355号州际公路。

风俗民情

宗教

宗教上,伊利诺州不像其它中西部的州﹙新教徒占有极大比例﹚,而仅有半数的居民是新教徒,罗马天主教的比例则大约为三分之一,多分布在芝加哥都会区周围。整个人口信仰比例为:

51%新教徒﹙Protestant﹚

33% 罗马天主教徒Roman Catholic

1% 其他基督教派的教徒 Other Christian

3% 其他宗教教徒Other Religions

8% 无信仰者 Non-Religious

伊利诺州前三大新教徒是:浸礼会﹙Baptist:15%﹚、路德会(Lutheran:5%)、卫理公会﹙Methodist:8%﹚。

人文景点

芝加哥美术馆(Art Institute of Chicago)位于伊利诺伊州芝加哥市,创建于1891年,因荟萃世界各地艺术珍品而负有盛名,它既是世界上最古老的美术展览馆之一,也是当今美国三大美术馆之一。

布鲁克菲尔德动物园(Brookfield Zoo)正式名称芝加哥动物园(Chicago Zoological Park)。建于1934年,以其大规模的开放式场地出名。

菲尔德自然史博物馆(The Field Museum of Natural History)最早建立于1893年9月,至今该馆已收集有两千多万种生物及人文标本,每年组织有大量的展览、研究和教育项目,馆内的自然史图书馆藏书达25万册。

著名人物

作家卡尔·山柏格(Carl Sandburg)、作家恩尼斯特·海明威(Ernest Hemingway)、广播电视喜剧演员克·班尼(Jack Benny)、女诗人关朵琳·布鲁克丝(GwendolynBrooks)、南京大屠杀时保护平民的美国传教士明妮·魏特琳、创意动画家/迪士尼乐园创办人华德·迪士尼(Walt Disney)、以及美国第四十任总统隆纳·雷根(Ronald Reagan)。

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