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南京博物院藏-康雍乾官窑瓷器展(上)

序言

公元1644年,清王朝建立。

康熙帝(公元1662-1722年在位)即位后,平定吴三桂、收复台湾、亲临治黄工地视察河工……国家由乱转安,拉开了康雍乾盛世的序幕;雍正帝(公元1723-1735年在位)继其后,承上启下,推动盛世继续发展;乾隆帝(公元1736-1795年在位)继往开来,集三代之大成,国泰民安,国富民足,国强文昌,社会进人鼎盛时期。

在清帝国政权逐渐稳定之时,官窖瓷也被提上帝王的议事日程。清官窑设在景德镇珠山一带,是专门生产供朝廷使用、支配的瓷器的场,也是官窑瓷生产的管理机构。从某种意义上说,中国古代官窑瓷是皇权的象征,使用官窑瓷是统治者身份的象征。

春秋时期以来,“国之大事在祀与戎”,祭祀在古代社会中举足轻重。明洪武二年,明王朝曾用法典的形式规定“祭祀皆用瓷”;清帝国承袭了明代的体制:清康熙、雍正、乾隆三代帝王对艺术和工艺品都颇为爱好。故而,宫廷生活中,从祭祀这样的国家大事到日常饮食和雅玩,官瓷的踪影随丛可见。

清三朝官窑瓷具有不同的风格特点——康熙官窑瓷大气,雍正官窑瓷玲珑,乾隆官窑瓷艳丽,本展览的展品都是流传有序的院藏官窑瓷,它们将清三代官瓷的风格充分表现出来。

康熙瓷器

斗彩福禄寿三星纹六棱菱花口花盆[康熙]

高33厘米

Foliated flowerpot with design of fu-lu-shou three stars in contrasting colour [A.D.1662-1722]

Height: 33cm

青花寿山福海纹花盆[康熙]

高36厘米 口径60厘米 定径38厘米

Blue and white flowerpot with auspicious design of symbolizing longevity and happiness [A.D.1662-1722]

Height: 36cm Diameter of mouth 60cm Diameter of foot: 38cm

五彩八骑送宝纹花盆[康熙]

高32.2厘米 口部尺寸54厘米

Polychrome flowerpot with the design of figures presenting treasures [A.D.1662-1722]

Height:3cm Diameter of mouth:5cm

青花麻姑献寿纹六棱花口花盆[康熙]

高31.5厘米 口部尺寸42x58厘米

Blue and white hexagonal foliated flowerpot with the design of fair maidens presenting birthday congratulations [A.D.1662-1722]

Height:31.5cm Diameter of mouth: 42x58cm

青花莲池花鸟纹花盆[康熙]

高37.5厘米 口径53厘米

Blue and white flowerpot with design of birds in a lotus pond [A.D.1662-1722]

Height: 37. 5cm Diameter of mouth: 53cm

五彩花鸟纹花盆[康熙]

高34.5厘米 口径56.2厘米

Polychrome flowerpot with the design of flowers and birds [A.D.1662-1722]

Height: 34. 5cm Diameter of mouth: 56.2cm

斗彩合和二仙纹六棱菱花口花盆[康熙]

高约33厘米 口部尺寸约42x58厘米

Hexagonal foliated flowerpot with the design of he-he two immortals in contrasting colours [A.D. 1662-1722]

height:33cm diameter of mouth:42x58cm

青花缠枝西番莲纹盖罐[康熙]

通高51厘米 口径22厘米 足径21厘米

Blue and white covered jar with design of interlocking lotus [A.D.1662-1722]

Height: 51cm Diameter of mouth:22cm Diameter of foot:21cm

青花缠枝莲纹梅瓶[康熙]

高35.7厘米 口径8.2厘米 足径12.5厘米

Blue and white prunus vase with design of interlocking lotus [A.D.1662-1722]

Height:35.7cm Diameter of mouth:8.2cm Diameter of foot:12.5cm

洒蓝釉正方形花盆[康熙]

高28.3厘米 口宽40厘米

Square flowerpot in snow-flake blue glaze[A.D.1662-1722]

Height:28.3cm Width of mouth:40cm

青花狮子牡丹纹绣墩[康熙]

高44.8厘米 口径25.5厘米

Blue and white drum shaped stool with design of lion and peony [A.D.1662-1722]

Height:44 .8cm Diameter of mouth:25.5cm

豆青地开光青花夹紫堆白花花卉纹长方形花盆[康熙]

高23.3厘米 长34.5厘米

Blue and white with purple rectangular flowerpot with the design of added white flowers over a bean green ground on reserved panels [A.D. 1662-1722]

Height:23.3cm length:34.5cm

青花香草龙纹簋式花盆[康熙]

高34厘米 口径40厘米 足径28厘米

Blue and white"qui" shaped flowerpot with design of xiangcao-dragon [A.D. 1662-1722]

Height:34cm Diameter of mouth:40cm Diameter of foot:28cm

青花花卉纹瓜棱式甘露瓶[康熙]

高28厘米 口径4.5厘米 足径9.3厘米

Blue and white melon-shaped ganlu vase with design of flowers [A.D.1662-1722]

Height: 28cm Diameter of mouth:4.5cm Diameter of foot:9.3cm

青花万寿纹尊[康熙]

高77厘米 口径37.5厘米

Blue and white Zun with design of ten thousand Chinese character "shou"[A.D.1662-1722]

Height:77cm Diameter of mouth:37.5cm

青花缠枝牡丹纹执壸[康熙]

通高36.5厘米 口径7.5厘米 足径11.2厘米

Blue and white ewer with design of interlocking peony[A.D.1662-1722]

Heigth:36.5cm Diameter of mouth:7.5cm Diameter of foot:11.2cm

青花香草龙纹洗[康熙]

高64厘米 口径38厘米 足径29厘米

Blue and white brush washer with design of sweet-smelling grass [A.D.1662-1722]

Height:64cm Diameter of mouth 38cm Diameter of foot:29cm

五彩花卉纹瓶[康熙]

高20.3厘米 口径7.6厘米 足径6.7厘米

Polychrome vase with design of flowers [A.D.1662-1722]

Height:20 3cm Diameter of mouth:7 6cm Diameter of foot:6.7cm

青花莲纹长颈瓶[康熙]

高52厘米 口径10.6厘米 足径14厘米

Blue and white long cervix vase with design of lotus [A.D.1662-1722]

Height:52cm Diameter of mouth:10.6cm Diameter of foot:14cm

青花鱼龙变化纹洗[康熙]

高6.8厘米 口径38.1厘米 足径28.1米

Blue and white brush washer with design of fish dragon and waves [A.D.1662-1722]

Height:6.8cm diameter of mouth:38.1cm diameter of foot:28.1cm

黄釉浅浮雕龙纹长方形盏托[康熙]

高1.5厘米 口长13.5厘米 口宽10.2厘米

Yellow glazed quadrate pad with bass-relief design of dragon among clouds [A.D.1662-1722]

Height:1.5cm Diameter of mouth 13.5om Diameter of foot:10.2cm

雕地龙纹素三彩花蝶纹碗[康熙]

高6.8厘米 口径14.7厘米

Pain tricolor bow with design of flowers and butte over a white ground with veiled design of dragon [A.D.1662-1727]

Height:8cm Diameter of mouths:14.7cm

黄釉锥刻龙纹圆形盏托[康熙]

高16厘米 口长14.1厘米

Yellow glazed pad with veiled design of dragon [A.D.1662-1722]

Height:16cm diameter of mouth:14.7cm

青花十二月花卉纹杯[康熙]

高4.9厘米 口径6.5厘米

Blue and white cups with design of the 12 symbolic flower associated with 12 mouths of a year [A.D.1662-1722]

Height:4.9cm Diameter of mouth:6.5cm

黄地斗彩龙凤纹盘[康熙]

高4.8厘米 口径21.1厘米 足径13.5厘米

Plate with design of dragon and phoenix in contrasting colours over a yellow ground [A.D.1662-1722]

Height:8cm Diameter of mouth:21.1cm Diameter of foot:13.5cm

青花贯套纹折胫式杯[康熙]

高5厘米 口径8.8厘米

Blue and white cup with design of guantao [A.D.1662-1722]

Height:5cm Diameter of mouth:8.8cm

郎红釉钵[康熙]

高17.4厘米 口径21.8厘米

Mortar in red glaze, Lang ware1[A.D.1662-1722]

Height17.4cm Diameter of mouth:21.8cm

素三彩瓷

素三彩由于色彩中没有红色而名,三彩是统称。它有多种表现手法,制作工艺略有不同,但都是先1280C高温烧成涩胎瓷,然后于上施艺和绘纹样,最后在850C左右的炉中烘烤而成。素三彩瓷有如下四种不同的制作工艺:雕地素三彩,如展品康熙雕地龙纹素三彩花蝶纹碗,虎皮斑素三彩,如展品康熙素三彩虎皮斑纹碗;印花素三彩,如展品乾隆素三彩无蝠捧寿纹盘;还有绘画素三彩。

素三彩虎皮斑纹碗[康熙]

高5.6厘米 口径12.6厘米

Plain tricolor bowl imitating “tiger-skin” glaze [A.D.1662-1722]

Height:5.6cm Diameter of mouth:12.6cm

豇豆红釉锥刻团花螭龙纹盂[康熙]

高6.7厘米 口径3.4厘米 足径12.7厘米

kidney-bean red glazed small mouth water container with velled design among floral medallions [A.D.1662-1722]

Height:6.7cm Diameter of mouth:12.7cm

黄釉绳纹耳罐[康熙]

高19.5厘米 口径13.2厘米 足径12.2米

Yellow glazed jar with two ears with cord pattern [A.D.1662-1722]

Height:19.5om Diameter of mouth:13.2cm Diameter of foot:12.2cm

白釉沥粉云纹碗[康熙]

通高5.1厘米 口径13厘米

White glazed bowl with trickle power design of clouds [A.D.1662-1722]

Height:5.1cm Diameter of mouth:13cm

外珊瑚红釉内青花荷鹭纹碗[康熙]

高5.9厘米 口径11.3厘米

coral red glazed bowl with blue and white design of lotus and bittern on the inside wall [A.D.1662-1722]

Height:5.9cm Diameter of mouth:11.3cm

雍正乾隆颜色釉

厂官釉牺耳尊 [乾隆]

高47厘米 口径14.2×20.2cm厘米

Zun with two ox-shaped handles in Changguan eel-yellow glaze [A.D.1736-1795]

Height :47cm Diameter of mouth :14.2×20.2cm

蓝釉天球瓶 [乾隆]

离62.3厘米 口径12.3厘米

Globular vase with cylindrical neck in blue glaze [A.D.1736-1795]

Height :62.3cm Diameter of mouth :12.3cm

仿哥釉牺耳尊[雍正]

高47.6厘米 口径13.9×20厘米 足径19.2×27.2厘米

Zun with two ox -shaped handles in Ge glaze [A.D.1723-1735]

Height:47.6cm Diameter of mouth :13.9×20cm Diameter of foot :19.2×27.2cm

仿钩窑红釉海棠式觚[雍正]

高26厘米

Begonia-flower-shaped Gu in Jun red glaze [A.D.1723-1735]

Height :26cm

茄皮紫釉雒刻缠枝石榴纹盘[雍正]

高4.4厘米 口径20.5厘米 足径13厘米

Pale aubergine glazed plate with veiled design of interlocking, pomegranate [A.D.1723-1735]

Height : 4.4cm Diameter of mouth :20.5cm Diameter of foot :13cm

仿青白釉锥刻缠枝莲纹高足碗 [乾隆]

高9.7厘米 口径14.4厘米

Bow with high foot and veiled of interlocking lotus in bluish white style glaze [A.D. 1736-1795]

Height :9.7cm Diameter of mouth :14.4 cm

仿汝青灰釉海棠式觚[雍正]

高26厘米

Begonia-flower-shaped Gu in Ru celadon blue glaze [A.D.1723-1735]

Height:26cm

瓜皮绿釉盘 天蓝釉盘[雍正]

高3厘米 口径13.2厘米 足径8厘米

Plate in melon- green glaze Plate in sky blue glaze [A.D.1723-1735]

Height :3cm Diameter of mouth :13 2cm Diameter of foot :8cm

窑变釉出戟尊[雍正]

高33.4厘米 口径11.7厘米 足径13.4厘米

Zun with vertical flanges in flambe glaze [A.D.1723-1735]

Height :33 cm Diameter of mouth :11.7cm Diameter of foot :13.4cm

毡包青釉爵[乾隆]

高9.7厘米 口长11.8厘米

Jue-shaped Jue in yurt celadon glaze [A.D.1736-1795]

Height :9.7cm Diameter of mouth :11 8cm

粉青釉天圆地方葫芦瓶[雍正]

高29.5厘米 口径5.7厘米 底15.8×16.9厘米

Calabash-shaped vase with round upside and square underside in light blue glaze [A.D.1723-1735]

Height :29.5cm Diameter of mouth :5.7cm Diameter of foot 15.8x16.9cm

仿汝窑青灰釉叶形笔舔[乾隆]

高16厘米 长15.4厘米 宽11.4厘米

Leaf-shaped brush lap in Ru celadon blue glaze [A.D.1736-1795]

Height : 16cm Diameter of mouth : 15.4cm Diameter of foot :11.4 cm

茶叶末釉钵[乾隆]

高23.6厘米 口径32.4厘米 足径18厘米

Mortar in tea-flake glaze [A.D.1736-1795]

Height : 23.6cm Diameter of mouth : 32.4cm Diameter of foot : 18cm

仿汝窑天青釉出戟觚[雍正]

高16.4厘米 口径12.3厘米 足径5.7厘米

Gu with vertical flanges in Ru sky blue glaze [A.D.1723-1735]

Height : 16.4cm Diameter of mouth: 12.3cm Diameter of foot : 5.7cm

白釉堆花蟠蛇纹吊篮[雍正]

高38.4厘米 口径14.2厘米 足径7.4米

White glazed flower basket with relief design of snakes [A.D. 1723-1735]

Height : 38.4cm Diameter of mouth :14.2cm Diameter of foot : 7.4cm

仿定窑白釉印花蕉叶纹觚 [雍正]

高19.7厘米 口径14.1厘米

Gu with plantain leaf design in Ding white glaze [A.D.1723-1735]

Height :19.7cm Diameter of mouth :14.1cm Diameter of foot : 9cm

炉钧釉三系瓶[雍正]

高22.6厘米 口径5.3厘米 足径8.5米

Vase with three rings in robin"s egg glaze [A.D.1723-1735]

Height :22.6cm Diameter of mouth :5.3cm Diameter of foot : 8.5cm

炉钧釉双耳瓶 [乾隆]

高23.3厘米 口径7.9厘米 足径8.3厘米

Vase with two handles in robins egg [A.D.1736-1795]

Height :23.3cm Diameter of mouth : 7.9cm Diameter of foot :8.3cm

铁锈花釉贯耳尊[雍正]

高12.2厘米 口3.8×4.6厘米 足径4.4×5厘米

Rust colour glazed Zun with pierced handles [A.D.1723-1735]

Height :12.2cm Diameter of mouth :3.8×4.6cm Diameter of foot :4.4×5cm

茶叶末釉石榴尊 [雍正]

高2.8厘米 口径7.4厘米 足径4厘米

Pomegranate-shaped Zun in tea -flake glaze [A.D.1723-1735]

Height :1.8cm Diameter of mouth : 7.4cm Diameter of foot : 5.4cm

仿官釉包袱尊 [雍正]

高19厘米 口径9.9厘米 足径13.4厘米

Zun in the shape of cloth-wrappers in Guan glaze [A.D.1723-173]

粉青釉长腹盖罐 [雍正]

通高30.3厘米 口径4.6厘米 足径11厘米

Covered jar in light blue glaze[A.D.1723-1735]

Height:30.3cm Diameter of mouth:4.6cm Diameter of foot:11cm

祭红釉玉壶春瓶 [乾隆]

高30厘米 口径8.8厘米 足径10.8厘米

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